Legal Terms and Definitions

Glossary of Legal Terms

Bench trial Trial without a jury in which the judge decides the case Beyond a reasonable doubt Entirely convinced; in a criminal case the defendant's guilt must be proven to the jury to this extent. This is the highest burden of proof any party has in any proceeding Levy A seizure; the obtaining of money by legal process through seizure and sale of property. Exhibit A paper, document or other article presented and offered into evidence in court during a trial or hearing to prove the facts of a case. Defendant The accused in a criminal case; the person from whom money or other recovery is sought in a civil case. Rebuttal evidence A person accused of a crime is entitled to acquittal if, in the minds of the jury or judge, his or her guilt has not been proved beyond a "reasonable doubt"; the jurors are not entirely convinced of the person's guilt. Court reporter A court official who records testimony and arguments, and transcribes it into a permanent record of all court proceedings. Petit jury The ordinary jury of twelve (or fewer) persons for the trial of a civil or criminal case. So called to distinguish it from the grand jury.

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	Did You Know?
	Mediation may not be the most appropriate avenue for resolution in all cases. For example, it may not be appropriate in cases where: A definitive or authoritative resolution of the matter is required; The matter involves or may bear upon significant questions of Government policy that require additional procedures before a final resolution may be made; Maintaining established policies that apply to many people is especially important; The matter significantly affects persons or groups who are not parties to the process; A full public record of the proceeding is important; or The agency must maintain continuing jurisdiction over the matter with authority to alter the disposition of the matter in light of changed circumstances.